Which of the following is an example of a behavior modification intervention to increase behavior?

The correct answer is praise, as it is a positive reinforcement strategy commonly used in behavior modification interventions. When an individual is observed exhibiting a desired behavior, providing praise reinforces that behavior, making it more likely to occur again in the future. This approach is based on the principle that behaviors followed by positive consequences are encouraged and strengthened.

In contrast, criticism, neglect, and punishment focus on negative consequences, which do not effectively support the increase of desired behaviors. Criticism can lead to feelings of discouragement and may not clarify the appropriate behaviors to be adopted. Neglect simply does not engage with the behavior, leaving the individual without guidance on what actions should be taken. Punishment may deter certain behaviors but can lead to anxiety or resistance rather than promoting the positive behaviors that praise actively reinforces. Thus, praise stands out as the most effective intervention for encouraging positive behavior changes.